中華人民共和國(guó)與美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)聯(lián)合聲明全文

中華人民共和國(guó)與美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)聯(lián)合聲明
　　二〇一一年一月十九日，華盛頓

China-US Joint Statement

Jan 19, 2011, Washington

　　1. 應(yīng)美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)總統(tǒng)貝拉克·奧巴馬邀請(qǐng)，中華人民共和國(guó)主席胡錦濤于二〇一一年一月十八日至二十一日對(duì)美國(guó)進(jìn)行國(guó)事訪問。訪問期間，胡主席會(huì)見了美國(guó)副總統(tǒng)約瑟夫·拜登，將會(huì)見美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，并訪問芝加哥。

1. At the invitation of President Barack Obama of the United States of America, President Hu Jintao of the People's Republic of China is paying a state visit to the United States of America on January 18-21, 2011. During his visit, President Hu also met with Vice President Joseph Biden, will meet with US Congressional leadership, and will visit Chicago.

　　2. 兩國(guó)元首回顧了自?shī)W巴馬總統(tǒng)二〇〇九年十一月對(duì)中國(guó)進(jìn)行國(guó)事訪問以來中美關(guān)系取得的進(jìn)展，并重申致力于建設(shè)二十一世紀(jì)積極合作全面的中美關(guān)系，這符合兩國(guó)人民和國(guó)際社會(huì)的利益。雙方重申，中美三個(gè)聯(lián)合公報(bào)為兩國(guó)關(guān)系奠定了政治基礎(chǔ)，并將繼續(xù)指導(dǎo)兩國(guó)關(guān)系的發(fā)展。雙方重申尊重彼此主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整。兩國(guó)元首還重申了對(duì)二〇〇九年十一月《中美聯(lián)合聲明》的承諾。

2. The two Presidents reviewed the progress made in the relationship since President Obama's November 2009 state visit to China and reaffirmed their commitment to building a positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-US relationship for the 21st century, which serves the interests of the Chinese and American peoples and of the global community. The two sides reaffirmed that the three Joint Communiques issued by China and the United States laid the political foundation for the relationship and will continue to guide the development of China-US relations. The two sides reaffirmed respect for each other's sovereignty and territorial integrity. The Presidents further reaffirmed their commitment to the November 2009 China-US Joint Statement.

　　3. 中美致力于共同努力建設(shè)相互尊重、互利共贏的合作伙伴關(guān)系，以推進(jìn)兩國(guó)共同利益、應(yīng)對(duì)二十一世紀(jì)的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)。中美正在安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、能源、環(huán)境等廣泛領(lǐng)域開展積極合作，需進(jìn)一步深化雙邊接觸與協(xié)調(diào)。兩國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人還一致認(rèn)為,需要與國(guó)際伙伴和機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行更加廣泛、深入的合作，以形成和落實(shí)可持續(xù)的解決方案并促進(jìn)世界和平、穩(wěn)定、繁榮和各國(guó)人民的福祉。

3. China and the United States are committed to work together to build a cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit in order to promote the common interests of both countries and to address the 21st century's opportunities and challenges. China and the United States are actively cooperating on a wide range of security, economic, social, energy, and environmental issues which require deeper bilateral engagement and coordination. The two leaders agreed that broader and deeper collaboration with international partners and institutions is required to develop and implement sustainable solutions and to promote peace, stability, prosperity, and the well-being of peoples throughout the world.

　　加強(qiáng)中美關(guān)系

Strengthening China-US Relations

　　4. 鑒于兩國(guó)面臨重要的共同挑戰(zhàn)，中美決定繼續(xù)建設(shè)伙伴關(guān)系，以推進(jìn)共同利益、處理共同關(guān)切、強(qiáng)調(diào)國(guó)際責(zé)任。兩國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人認(rèn)識(shí)到，中美關(guān)系既重要又復(fù)雜。中美已成為不同政治制度、歷史文化背景和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平的國(guó)家發(fā)展積極合作關(guān)系的典范。雙方同意進(jìn)一步努力培育和深化戰(zhàn)略互信，以加強(qiáng)雙邊關(guān)系。雙方重申要深化對(duì)話，拓展務(wù)實(shí)合作，確認(rèn)需共同努力，處理分歧、擴(kuò)大共識(shí)、加強(qiáng)在一系列問題上的協(xié)調(diào)。

4. Recognizing the importance of the common challenges that they face together, China and the United States decided to continue working toward a partnership that advances common interests, addresses shared concerns, and highlights international responsibilities. The two leaders recognize that the relationship between China and the United States is both vital and complex. China and the United States have set an example of positive and cooperative relations between countries, despite different political systems, historical and cultural backgrounds, and levels of economic development. The two sides agreed to work further to nurture and deepen bilateral strategic trust to enhance their relations. They reiterated the importance of deepening dialogue aimed at expanding practical cooperation and affirmed the need to work together to address areas of disagreement, expand common ground, and strengthen coordination on a range of issues.

　　5. 美方重申，美方歡迎一個(gè)強(qiáng)大、繁榮、成功、在國(guó)際事務(wù)中發(fā)揮更大作用的中國(guó)。中方表示，歡迎美國(guó)作為一個(gè)亞太國(guó)家為本地區(qū)和平、穩(wěn)定與繁榮做出努力。兩國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人支持通過合作努力建設(shè)二十一世紀(jì)更加穩(wěn)定、和平、繁榮的亞太地區(qū)。

5. The United States reiterated that it welcomes a strong, prosperous and successful China that plays a greater role in world affairs. China welcomes the United States as an Asia-Pacific nation that contributes to peace, stability and prosperity in the region. Working together, both leaders support efforts to build a more stable, peaceful, and prosperous Asia-Pacific region for the 21st century.

　　6. 雙方強(qiáng)調(diào)臺(tái)灣問題在中美關(guān)系中的重要性。中方強(qiáng)調(diào)，臺(tái)灣問題涉及中國(guó)主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整，希望美方信守有關(guān)承諾，理解并支持中方在此問題上的立場(chǎng)。美方表示奉行一個(gè)中國(guó)政策，遵守中美三個(gè)聯(lián)合公報(bào)的原則。美方贊揚(yáng)臺(tái)灣海峽兩岸《經(jīng)濟(jì)合作框架協(xié)議》，歡迎兩岸間新的溝通渠道。美方支持兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展，期待兩岸加強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治及其他領(lǐng)域的對(duì)話與互動(dòng)，建立更加積極穩(wěn)定的關(guān)系。

6. Both sides underscored the importance of the Taiwan issue in China-US relations. The Chinese side emphasized that the Taiwan issue concerns China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, and expressed the hope that the US side will honor its relevant commitments and appreciate and support the Chinese side's position on this issue. The US side stated that the United States follows its one-China policy and abides by the principles of the three China-US Joint Communiques. The United States applauded the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait and welcomed the new lines of communications developing between them. The United States supports the peaceful development of relations across the Taiwan Strait and looks forward to efforts by both sides to increase dialogues and interactions in economic, political, and other fields, and to develop more positive and stable cross-Strait relations.

　　7. 雙方重申,盡管兩國(guó)在人權(quán)問題上仍然存在重要分歧，但雙方都致力于促進(jìn)和保護(hù)人權(quán)。美方強(qiáng)調(diào)，促進(jìn)人權(quán)和民主是美國(guó)外交政策的重要組成部分。中方強(qiáng)調(diào)，不應(yīng)干涉任何國(guó)家的內(nèi)政。中美強(qiáng)調(diào)，各國(guó)及各國(guó)人民都有權(quán)選擇自身發(fā)展道路，各國(guó)應(yīng)相互尊重彼此選擇的發(fā)展模式。雙方本著平等和相互尊重的精神處理人權(quán)問題上的分歧，按照國(guó)際文書促進(jìn)和保護(hù)人權(quán)，并同意在第三輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話前舉行下一輪中美人權(quán)對(duì)話。

7. China and the United States reiterated their commitment to the promotion and protection of human rights, even as they continue to have significant differences on these issues. The United States stressed that the promotion of human rights and democracy is an important part of its foreign policy. China stressed that there should be no interference in any country's internal affairs. China and the United States underscored that each country and its people have the right to choose their own path, and all countries should respect each other's choice of a development model. Addressing differences on human rights in a spirit of equality and mutual respect, as well as promoting and protecting human rights consistent with international instruments, the two sides agreed to hold the next round of the China-US Human Rights Dialogue before the third round of the Strategic and Economic Dialogue (S&ED).

　　8. 中美同意在下一輪人權(quán)對(duì)話前恢復(fù)舉行法律專家對(duì)話。雙方還同意將加強(qiáng)兩國(guó)的法律合作和法治交流。兩國(guó)正積極探討關(guān)于加強(qiáng)婦女在社會(huì)中作用的交流和討論。

8. China and the United States agreed to hold the next round of the resumed Legal Experts Dialogue before the next Human Rights Dialogue convenes. China and the United States further agreed to strengthen cooperation in the field of law and exchanges on the rule of law. China and the United States are actively exploring exchanges and discussions on the increasing role of women in society.

　　9. 中美兩國(guó)確認(rèn)，一個(gè)健康、穩(wěn)定、可*的兩軍關(guān)系是胡錦濤主席和奧巴馬總統(tǒng)關(guān)于積極合作全面中美關(guān)系共識(shí)的重要組成部分。雙方一致認(rèn)為，有必要加強(qiáng)各層次的實(shí)質(zhì)性對(duì)話和溝通，以減少誤解、誤讀、誤判，增進(jìn)了解，擴(kuò)大共同利益，推動(dòng)兩軍關(guān)系健康穩(wěn)定可*發(fā)展。雙方注意到美國(guó)國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)羅伯特·蓋茨本月早些時(shí)候?qū)χ袊?guó)進(jìn)行了成功訪問，美方歡迎中國(guó)人民解放軍總參謀長(zhǎng)陳炳德上將于二〇一一年上半年訪問美國(guó)。雙方重申，中美國(guó)防部防務(wù)磋商、國(guó)防部工作會(huì)晤、海上軍事安全磋商機(jī)制未來將繼續(xù)作為兩軍對(duì)話的重要渠道。雙方表示，將繼續(xù)推動(dòng)二〇〇九年十月中國(guó)中央軍委副主席徐才厚上將與美國(guó)國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)蓋茨就發(fā)展兩軍關(guān)系達(dá)成的七項(xiàng)共識(shí)得到落實(shí)。

9. China and the United States affirmed that a healthy, stable and reliable military-to-military relationship is an essential part of President Hu's and President Obama's shared vision for a positive, cooperative, and comprehensive China-US relationship. Both sides agreed on the need for enhanced and substantive dialogue and communication at all levels: to reduce misunderstanding, misperception, and miscalculation; to foster greater understanding and expand mutual interest; and to promote the healthy, stable, and reliable development of the military-to-military relationship. Both sides noted the successful visit of Secretary of Defense Robert Gates to China earlier this month, and that the United States welcomes Chief of the PLA General Staff General Chen Bingde to the United States in the first half of 2011. Both sides reaffirmed that the Defense Consultative Talks, the Defense Policy Coordination Talks, and the Military Maritime Consultative Agreement will remain important channels of communication in the future. Both sides will work to execute the seven priority areas for developing military-to-military relations as agreed to by Secretary Gates and General Xu Caihou, Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission in October 2009.

　　10. 中美同意采取具體行動(dòng)，深化在航天領(lǐng)域的對(duì)話和交流。美方邀請(qǐng)中方代表團(tuán)于二〇一一年訪問美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局總部和其他合適的設(shè)施，以作為對(duì)美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局長(zhǎng)二〇一〇年對(duì)中國(guó)富有成果的訪問的回訪。雙方同意繼續(xù)在透明、對(duì)等、互利的基礎(chǔ)上討論在航天領(lǐng)域開展務(wù)實(shí)合作的機(jī)會(huì)。

10. China and the United States agreed to take specific actions to deepen dialogue and exchanges in the field of space. The United States invited a Chinese delegation to visit NASA headquarters and other appropriate NASA facilities in 2011 to reciprocate for the productive visit of the US NASA Administrator to China in 2010. The two sides agreed to continue discussions on opportunities for practical future cooperation in the space arena, based on principles of transparency, reciprocity, and mutual benefit.

　　11. 《中美科技合作協(xié)定》是兩國(guó)最早簽署的雙邊協(xié)定之一，雙方認(rèn)可在該協(xié)定框架下取得的成果并歡迎簽署該協(xié)定延期議定書。中美將繼續(xù)在農(nóng)業(yè)、衛(wèi)生、能源、環(huán)境、漁業(yè)、學(xué)生交流、技術(shù)創(chuàng)新等廣泛領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行合作，以增進(jìn)雙方福祉。

11. China and the United States acknowledged the accomplishments under the bilateral Agreement on Cooperation in Science and Technology, one of the longest-standing bilateral agreements between the two countries, and welcomed the signing of its extension. China and the United States will continue to cooperate in such diverse areas as agriculture, health, energy, environment, fisheries, student exchanges, and technological innovation in order to advance mutual well-being.

　　12. 中美雙方歡迎中美執(zhí)法合作聯(lián)合聯(lián)絡(luò)小組在反恐等諸多領(lǐng)域加強(qiáng)執(zhí)法合作取得的進(jìn)展。雙方同意通過雙邊和其他途徑加強(qiáng)反腐敗合作。

12. China and the United States welcomed progress by the China-US Joint Liaison Group on Law Enforcement Cooperation (JLG) to strengthen law enforcement cooperation across a range of issues, including counterterrorism. China and the United States also agreed to enhance joint efforts to combat corruption through bilateral and other means.

　　促進(jìn)高層交往

Promoting High-Level Exchanges

　　13. 雙方認(rèn)為，強(qiáng)有力的中美關(guān)系離不開高層交往，密切、頻繁、深入的對(duì)話對(duì)推進(jìn)雙邊關(guān)系以及國(guó)際和平與發(fā)展十分重要。本著這一精神，兩國(guó)元首期待在二〇一一年再次會(huì)面，包括在美國(guó)夏威夷州舉辦的亞太經(jīng)合組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人非正式會(huì)議期間會(huì)晤。中方歡迎拜登副總統(tǒng)于二〇一一年訪華。美方歡迎習(xí)近平副主席此后訪美。

13. The two sides agreed that high-level exchanges are indispensable to strong China-US relations, and that close, frequent, and in-depth dialogue is important to advance bilateral relations and international peace and development. In this spirit, both Presidents look forward to meeting again in the coming year, including in the state of Hawaii for the US-hosted 2011 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Leaders' meeting. China welcomed Vice President Biden for a visit in 2011. The United States welcomed a subsequent visit by Vice President Xi Jinping.

　　14. 雙方積極評(píng)價(jià)中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話這一兩國(guó)政府間十分重要的協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制，同意二〇一一年五月在華盛頓舉行第三輪對(duì)話。戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話在幫助兩國(guó)建立互信方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。雙方還同意二〇一一年春在美國(guó)舉行第二輪中美人文交流高層磋商，二〇一一年下半年在中國(guó)舉行第二十二屆中美商貿(mào)聯(lián)委會(huì)。雙方同意兩國(guó)外長(zhǎng)通過互訪、會(huì)晤等方式保持密切溝通。

14. The two sides praised the S&ED as a key mechanism for coordination between the two governments, and agreed to hold the third round of the S&ED in Washington, D.C., in May 2011. The S&ED has played an important role in helping build trust and confidence between the two countries. The two sides also agreed to hold the second meeting of the High-Level Consultation on People-to-People Exchange in the United States in the spring of 2011, and the 22nd meeting of the China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade (JCCT) in China in the second half of 2011. The two sides agreed to maintain close communication between the foreign ministers of the two countries through mutual visits, meetings, and other means.

　　15. 雙方強(qiáng)調(diào)兩國(guó)議會(huì)繼續(xù)保持交往的重要性，包括中國(guó)全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)與美國(guó)參議院和眾議院之間的機(jī)制化交流。

15. The two sides emphasized the importance of continued interaction between their legislatures, including institutionalized exchanges between the National People's Congress of China and the US Senate and House of Representatives.

　　應(yīng)對(duì)地區(qū)和全球挑戰(zhàn)

Addressing Regional and Global Challenges

　　16. 雙方認(rèn)為，中美兩國(guó)在促進(jìn)亞太及其他地區(qū)和平安全方面擁有共同利益，同意加強(qiáng)溝通與協(xié)調(diào)，應(yīng)對(duì)緊迫的地區(qū)和全球挑戰(zhàn)。雙方致力于采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)全球環(huán)境，在全球性問題上協(xié)調(diào)合作，維護(hù)和促進(jìn)各國(guó)及各國(guó)人民的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。具體而言，中美同意在下述領(lǐng)域增進(jìn)合作：應(yīng)對(duì)暴力極端主義，防止核武器擴(kuò)散、其他大規(guī)模殺傷性武器及其運(yùn)載工具的擴(kuò)散，加強(qiáng)核安全，消除傳染性疾病和饑餓，消滅極端貧困，有效應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化挑戰(zhàn)，打擊海盜，預(yù)防和減少災(zāi)害，應(yīng)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全問題，打擊跨國(guó)犯罪，打擊販賣人口。中美將與其他各方一道，努力加強(qiáng)合作，應(yīng)對(duì)共同關(guān)切、促進(jìn)共同利益。

16. The two sides believe that China and the United States have a common interest in promoting peace and security in the Asia-Pacific region and beyond, and agreed to enhance communication and coordination to address pressing regional and global challenges. The two sides undertake to act to protect the global environment and to work in concert on global issues to help safeguard and promote the sustainable development of all countries and peoples. Specifically, China and the United States agreed to advance cooperation to: counter violent extremism; prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons, other weapons of mass destruction, and their means of delivery; strengthen nuclear security; eliminate infectious disease and hunger; end extreme poverty; respond effectively to the challenge of climate change; counter piracy; prevent and mitigate disasters; address cyber-security; fight transnational crime; and combat trafficking in persons. In coordination with other parties, China and the United States will endeavor to increase cooperation to address common concerns and promote shared interests.

　　17. 中美強(qiáng)調(diào)致力于最終實(shí)現(xiàn)無核武器世界，強(qiáng)調(diào)需要加強(qiáng)國(guó)際核不擴(kuò)散體系以應(yīng)對(duì)核擴(kuò)散和核恐怖主義等威脅。在此方面，雙方支持《全面禁止核試驗(yàn)條約》盡早生效，重申支持日內(nèi)瓦裁談會(huì)盡早啟動(dòng)“禁止生產(chǎn)核武器用裂變材料條約”談判，并愿為此進(jìn)行合作。雙方注意到在華盛頓核安全峰會(huì)后中美在核安全領(lǐng)域合作深化，簽署了關(guān)于在華建立核安保示范中心的諒解備忘錄。

17. China and the United States underlined their commitment to the eventual realization of a world without nuclear weapons and the need to strengthen the international nuclear non-proliferation regime to address the threats of nuclear proliferation and nuclear terrorism. In this regard, both sides support early entry into force of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), reaffirmed their support for the early commencement of negotiations on a Fissile Material Cutoff Treaty in the Conference on Disarmament, and agreed to work together to reach these goals. The two sides also noted their deepening cooperation on nuclear security following the Washington Nuclear Security Summit and signed a Memorandum of Understanding that will help establish a Center of Excellence on Nuclear Security in China.

　　18. 中美一致認(rèn)為，正如六方會(huì)談“九·一九”共同聲明和聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)相關(guān)決議所強(qiáng)調(diào)，保持朝鮮半島和平穩(wěn)定至關(guān)重要。雙方對(duì)近期事態(tài)發(fā)展導(dǎo)致半島局勢(shì)緊張表示關(guān)切。雙方注意到兩國(guó)在半島問題上保持了密切合作。中美強(qiáng)調(diào)改善半島南北關(guān)系的重要性，都認(rèn)為朝韓開展真誠(chéng)和建設(shè)性對(duì)話是非常重要的一步。鑒于半島無核化對(duì)維護(hù)東北亞地區(qū)和平與穩(wěn)定至關(guān)重要，中美雙方重申，有必要采取切實(shí)有效步驟實(shí)現(xiàn)無核化目標(biāo)，并全面落實(shí)六方會(huì)談“九·一九”共同聲明中的其他承諾。在此背景下，中美對(duì)朝鮮宣稱的鈾濃縮計(jì)劃表示關(guān)切。雙方反對(duì)所有違反六方會(huì)談“九·一九”共同聲明和相關(guān)國(guó)際義務(wù)和承諾的活動(dòng)。雙方呼吁采取必要步驟，以盡早重啟六方會(huì)談進(jìn)程，解決這一問題及其他相關(guān)問題。

18. China and the United States agreed on the critical importance of maintaining peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula as underscored by the Joint Statement of September 19, 2005 and relevant UN Security Council Resolutions. Both sides expressed concern over heightened tensions on the Peninsula triggered by recent developments. The two sides noted their continuing efforts to cooperate closely on matters concerning the Peninsula. China and the United States emphasized the importance of an improvement in North-South relations and agreed that sincere and constructive inter-Korean dialogue is an essential step. Agreeing on the crucial importance of denuclearization of the Peninsula in order to preserve peace and stability in Northeast Asia, China and the United States reiterated the need for concrete and effective steps to achieve the goal of denuclearization and for full implementation of the other commitments made in the September 19, 2005 Joint Statement of the Six-Party Talks. In this context, China and the United States expressed concern regarding the DPRK's claimed uranium enrichment program. Both sides oppose all activities inconsistent with the 2005 Joint Statement and relevant international obligations and commitments. The two sides called for the necessary steps that would allow for early resumption of the Six-Party Talks process to address this and other relevant issues.

　　19. 中美重申，將致力于尋求全面長(zhǎng)期解決伊朗核問題的辦法，以重建國(guó)際社會(huì)對(duì)于伊朗核計(jì)劃僅限于和平目的的信心。雙方同意伊朗根據(jù)《不擴(kuò)散核武器條約》擁有和平利用核能的權(quán)利，同時(shí)伊朗也應(yīng)履行該條約規(guī)定的相應(yīng)國(guó)際義務(wù)。雙方呼吁全面執(zhí)行聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)所有有關(guān)決議。雙方歡迎并將積極參與六國(guó)與伊朗進(jìn)程，強(qiáng)調(diào)包括伊朗在內(nèi)的各方應(yīng)致力于建設(shè)性的對(duì)話進(jìn)程。

19. On the Iranian nuclear issue, China and the United States reiterated their commitment to seeking a comprehensive and long-term solution that would restore international confidence in the exclusively peaceful nature of Iran's nuclear program. Both sides agreed that Iran has the right to peaceful uses of nuclear energy under the Non-Proliferation Treaty and that Iran should fulfill its due international obligations under that treaty. Both sides called for full implementation of all relevant UN Security Council Resolutions. China and the United States welcomed and will actively participate in the P5+1 process with Iran, and stressed the importance of all parties -- including Iran -- committing to a constructive dialogue process.

　　20. 雙方同意全力支持蘇丹北南和平進(jìn)程，包括全面有效落實(shí)《全面和平協(xié)議》。雙方強(qiáng)調(diào)各方應(yīng)尊重自由、公平和透明的公投結(jié)果。中美雙方對(duì)達(dá)爾富爾問題表示關(guān)注，認(rèn)為應(yīng)推動(dòng)達(dá)爾富爾地區(qū)政治進(jìn)程取得進(jìn)一步實(shí)質(zhì)性進(jìn)展，以促進(jìn)該問題早日得到全面妥善解決。整個(gè)地區(qū)繼續(xù)保持和平穩(wěn)定符合中美雙方利益。

20. Regarding Sudan, China and the United States agreed to fully support the North-South peace process, including full and effective implementation of Sudan's Comprehensive Peace Agreement. The two sides stressed the need for all sides to respect the result of a free, fair, and transparent referendum. Both China and the United States expressed concern on the Darfur issue and believed that further, substantive progress should be made in the political process in Darfur to promote the early, comprehensive, and appropriate solution to this issue. Both China and the United States have a continuing interest in the maintenance of peace and stability in the wider region.

　　21. 雙方同意，本著相互尊重和合作的精神加強(qiáng)在亞太地區(qū)的溝通和協(xié)調(diào)，并通過多邊機(jī)構(gòu)等渠道和其他亞太國(guó)家一道促進(jìn)和平、穩(wěn)定與繁榮。

21. The two sides agreed to enhance communication and coordination in the Asia-Pacific region in a spirit of mutual respect and cooperation, and to work together with other Asia-Pacific countries, including through multilateral institutions, to promote peace, stability, and prosperity.

　　建設(shè)全面互利的經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系

Building a Comprehensive and Mutually Beneficial Economic Partnership

　　22. 胡錦濤主席和奧巴馬總統(tǒng)認(rèn)識(shí)到共同努力建設(shè)相互尊重、互利共贏的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作伙伴關(guān)系對(duì)兩國(guó)和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)極其重要。兩國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人同意推進(jìn)全面經(jīng)濟(jì)合作，并將依托現(xiàn)有對(duì)話機(jī)制，基于以下要素，到將于今年五月舉行的第三輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話時(shí)進(jìn)一步確立全面經(jīng)濟(jì)合作框架。

22. President Hu and President Obama recognized the vital importance of working together to build a cooperative economic partnership of mutual respect and mutual benefit to both countries and to the global economy. The two leaders agreed to promote comprehensive economic cooperation, and will further develop a framework of comprehensive economic cooperation, relying on existing mechanisms, by the third round of the S&ED in May, based on the main elements outlined below:

　　23. 為推進(jìn)中美兩國(guó)和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)勁、可持續(xù)、平衡增長(zhǎng)，雙方同意加強(qiáng)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策溝通與合作：

　�。�1）美國(guó)將重點(diǎn)減少中期聯(lián)邦赤字，確保長(zhǎng)期財(cái)政可持續(xù)性，并對(duì)匯率過度波動(dòng)保持警惕。美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)近年來已采取重要步驟增強(qiáng)其傳遞未來展望和長(zhǎng)期目標(biāo)的清晰度。

　�。�2）中國(guó)將繼續(xù)加大力度擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需，促進(jìn)服務(wù)部門的私人投資，更大程度地發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)在資源配置中的基礎(chǔ)性作用。中國(guó)將繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持推進(jìn)人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制改革，增強(qiáng)人民幣匯率彈性，轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式。

　�。�3）雙方同意繼續(xù)實(shí)施前瞻性貨幣政策并關(guān)注其對(duì)國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響。

　　兩國(guó)支持歐洲領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人為增強(qiáng)市場(chǎng)穩(wěn)定性和促進(jìn)可持續(xù)長(zhǎng)期增長(zhǎng)所做出的努力。

23. The two sides agreed to strengthen macroeconomic communication and cooperation, in support of strong, sustainable and balanced growth in the United States, China and the global economy.

-- The United States will focus on reducing its medium-term federal deficit and ensuring long-term fiscal sustainability, and will maintain vigilance against excess volatility in exchange rates. The Federal Reserve has taken important steps in recent years to increase the clarity of its communications regarding its outlook and longer-run objectives.

-- China will intensify efforts to expand domestic demand, to promote private investment in the service sector, and to give greater play to the fundamental role of the market in resource allocation. China will continue to promote RMB exchange rate reform, enhance RMB exchange rate flexibility, and promote the transformation of its economic development model.

-- Both sides agree to continue to pursue forward-looking monetary policies with due regards to the ramifications of those policies for the international economy.

The two sides affirmed support for efforts by European leaders to reinforce market stability and promote sustainable, long-term growth.

　　24. 雙方認(rèn)識(shí)到開放的貿(mào)易和投資對(duì)促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、創(chuàng)造就業(yè)、創(chuàng)新和繁榮的重要意義，重申將采取進(jìn)一步措施推進(jìn)全球貿(mào)易和投資自由化，反對(duì)貿(mào)易和投資保護(hù)主義。雙方也同意愿本著建設(shè)性、合作性和互利性的態(tài)度，積極解決雙邊貿(mào)易和投資爭(zhēng)端。

24. The two countries, recognizing the importance of open trade and investment in fostering economic growth, job creation, innovation, and prosperity, affirmed their commitment to take further steps to liberalize global trade and investment, and to oppose trade and investment protectionism. The two sides also agreed to work proactively to resolve bilateral trade and investment disputes in a constructive, cooperative, and mutually beneficial manner.

　　25. 兩國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人強(qiáng)調(diào)將指示其談判代表進(jìn)行跨領(lǐng)域的談判，在維護(hù)世界貿(mào)易組織多哈發(fā)展回合授權(quán)、鎖定已有成果的基礎(chǔ)上，促使多哈回合談判盡快取得成功、富有雄心、全面和平衡的結(jié)果。雙方同意加強(qiáng)和擴(kuò)大兩國(guó)談判代表的參與度以完成談判。

25. The two leaders emphasized their strong commitment to direct their negotiators to engage in across-the-board negotiations to promptly bring the WTO Doha Development Round to a successful, ambitious, comprehensive, and balanced conclusion, consistent with the mandate of the Doha Development Round and built on the progress already achieved. The two sides agreed that engagement between our representatives must intensify and expand in order to complete the end game.

　　26. 兩國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人同意實(shí)現(xiàn)更加平衡的貿(mào)易關(guān)系的重要性，并高度贊揚(yáng)包括近期在華盛頓舉行的第二十一屆中美商貿(mào)聯(lián)委會(huì)在此方面取得的進(jìn)展。

26. The two leaders agreed on the importance of achieving a more balanced trade relationship, and spoke highly of the progress made on this front, including at the recent 21st Meeting of the Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade in Washington, D.C.

　　27. 中方將堅(jiān)持保護(hù)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)，包括進(jìn)行審計(jì)以確保各級(jí)政府機(jī)關(guān)使用正版軟件，并依法公布審計(jì)結(jié)果。中國(guó)的創(chuàng)新政策與提供政府采購(gòu)優(yōu)惠不掛鉤。美方歡迎中方同意在世界貿(mào)易組織政府采購(gòu)委員會(huì)二〇一一年最后一次會(huì)議前提交一份強(qiáng)有力的新的修改出價(jià)，其中包括次中央實(shí)體。

27. China will continue to strengthen its efforts to protect IPR, including by conducting audits to ensure that government agencies at all levels use legitimate software and by publishing the auditing results as required by China's law. China will not link its innovation policies to the provision of government procurement preferences. The United States welcomed China's agreement to submit a robust, second revised offer to the WTO Government Procurement Committee before the Committee's final meeting in 2011, which will include sub-central entities.

　　28. 兩國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人認(rèn)識(shí)到培育開放、公平和透明的投資環(huán)境對(duì)兩國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要性，重申雙方繼續(xù)致力于推進(jìn)雙邊投資協(xié)定談判。雙方認(rèn)識(shí)到成功的雙邊投資協(xié)定談判將通過促進(jìn)和保護(hù)投資，為雙方投資者增強(qiáng)透明度和可預(yù)見性，支持開放的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)。中方歡迎美方承諾通過中美商貿(mào)聯(lián)委會(huì)以一種合作的方式迅速承認(rèn)中國(guó)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)地位。中方歡迎中美雙方討論美國(guó)正在推進(jìn)的出口管制體系改革，以及在符合美國(guó)國(guó)家安全利益的前提下這一改革對(duì)美向包括中國(guó)在內(nèi)的主要貿(mào)易伙伴出口的潛在影響。

28. The two leaders acknowledged the importance of fostering open, fair, and transparent investment environments to their domestic economies and to the global economy and reaffirmed their commitment to the ongoing Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) negotiations, recognizing that a successful BIT negotiation would support an open global economy by facilitating and protecting investment, and enhancing transparency and predictability for investors of both countries. China welcomed the United States' commitment to consult through the JCCT in a cooperative manner to work towards China's Market Economy Status in an expeditious manner. China welcomed discussion between the two sides on the ongoing reform of the US export control system, and its potential implications for US exports to its major trading partners, including China, consistent with US national security interests.

　　29. 雙方進(jìn)一步認(rèn)識(shí)到雙邊商貿(mào)關(guān)系廣闊和強(qiáng)有力的特點(diǎn)，包括此訪所達(dá)成的合同，雙方歡迎雙邊商貿(mào)關(guān)系經(jīng)濟(jì)上的互利性。

29. The two sides further acknowledged the deep and robust nature of the commercial relationship, including the contracts concluded at this visit, and welcomed the mutual economic benefits resulting from the relationship.

　　30. 雙方同意繼續(xù)通過將要舉行的中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話、中美商貿(mào)聯(lián)委會(huì)等進(jìn)程致力于推進(jìn)雙邊經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系取得具體進(jìn)展。

30. The two sides agreed to continue working to make concrete progress on the bilateral economic relationship through the upcoming S&ED and the JCCT process.

　　31. 雙方認(rèn)識(shí)到企業(yè)在兩國(guó)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)中發(fā)揮積極作用的潛力，并愿加強(qiáng)在這一領(lǐng)域的合作。

31. China and the United States recognized the potential for their firms to play a positive role in the infrastructure development in each country and agreed to strengthen cooperation in this area.

　　32. 雙方承諾深化在金融部門投資和監(jiān)管領(lǐng)域的雙邊和多邊合作，在符合審慎監(jiān)管并與國(guó)家安全要求一致的情況下，支持為金融服務(wù)和跨境證券投資領(lǐng)域營(yíng)造開放的投資環(huán)境。美方承諾確保“政府支持企業(yè)”具有足夠資本和能力以履行其財(cái)務(wù)責(zé)任。

32. The two countries committed to deepen bilateral and multilateral cooperation on financial sector investment and regulation, and support open environments for investment in financial services and cross-border portfolio investment, consistent with prudential and national security requirements. The United States is committed to ensuring that the GSEs have sufficient capital and the ability to meet their financial obligations.

　　33. 中美雙方認(rèn)同納入特別提款權(quán)的貨幣應(yīng)僅為在國(guó)際貿(mào)易和國(guó)際金融交易中廣泛使用的貨幣。鑒此，美方支持中方逐步推動(dòng)將人民幣納入特別提款權(quán)的努力。

33. China and the United States agree that currencies in the SDR basket should only be those that are heavily used in international trade and financial transactions. In that regard, the United States supports China's efforts over time to promote inclusion of the RMB in the SDR basket.

　　34. 雙方承諾致力于加強(qiáng)全球金融體系和改革國(guó)際金融框架。雙方將繼續(xù)強(qiáng)有力的合作以提高國(guó)際貨幣基金組織和多邊開發(fā)銀行的合法性和有效性。為實(shí)現(xiàn)聯(lián)合國(guó)千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)，雙方將共同促進(jìn)國(guó)際社會(huì)援助發(fā)展中國(guó)家、特別是最不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的努力。雙方還將與多邊開發(fā)銀行協(xié)作，尋求合作支持包括非洲在內(nèi)的全球減貧、發(fā)展和區(qū)域一體化，為包容和可持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)作出貢獻(xiàn)。

34. The two countries pledged to work together to strengthen the global financial system and reform the international financial architecture. The two sides will continue their strong cooperation to strengthen the legitimacy and improve the effectiveness of the International Monetary Fund and Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs). The two sides will jointly promote efforts of the international community to assist developing countries, in particular the Least Developed Countries to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The two sides will also, in partnership with the Multilateral Development Banks, explore cooperation that supports global poverty reduction and development, and regional integration including in Africa, to contribute to inclusive and sustainable economic growth.

　　35. 雙方重申支持二十國(guó)集團(tuán)強(qiáng)勁、可持續(xù)和平衡增長(zhǎng)框架，重申在二十國(guó)集團(tuán)首爾峰會(huì)公報(bào)中的承諾，包括采取一系列措施鞏固全球經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇、減少過度外部失衡并將經(jīng)常賬戶失衡保持在可持續(xù)水平。雙方支持二十國(guó)集團(tuán)在國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)和金融事務(wù)中發(fā)揮更大作用，并承諾加強(qiáng)溝通協(xié)調(diào)，落實(shí)二十國(guó)集團(tuán)峰會(huì)承諾，推動(dòng)戛納峰會(huì)取得積極成果。

35. The two countries reiterated their support for the G-20 Framework for Strong, Sustainable and Balanced Growth and reaffirmed their commitments made in the Seoul Summit Declaration, including using the full range of policies to strengthen the global recovery and to reduce excessive imbalances and maintain current account imbalances at sustainable levels. The two sides support a bigger role for the G-20 in international economic and financial affairs, and pledged to strengthen communication and coordination to follow through on the commitments of the G-20 summits and push for positive outcomes at the Cannes Summit.

　　氣候變化、能源和環(huán)境合作

Cooperating on Climate Change, Energy and the Environment

　　36. 雙方認(rèn)為氣候變化和能源安全是當(dāng)今時(shí)代兩大重要挑戰(zhàn)。中美同意繼續(xù)就應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化行動(dòng)進(jìn)行密切磋商，為實(shí)現(xiàn)兩國(guó)和世界人民的能源安全而開展協(xié)調(diào)，加強(qiáng)現(xiàn)有清潔能源合作，確保市場(chǎng)開放，在氣候友好型能源領(lǐng)域推動(dòng)互利投資，鼓勵(lì)清潔能源，推動(dòng)先進(jìn)清潔能源技術(shù)開發(fā)。

36. The two sides view climate change and energy security as two of the greatest challenges of our time. China and the United States agreed to continue their close consultations on action to address climate change, coordinate to achieve energy security for our peoples and the world, build on existing clean energy cooperation, ensure open markets, promote mutually beneficial investment in climate friendly energy, encourage clean energy, and facilitate advanced clean energy technology development.

　　37. 雙方積極評(píng)價(jià)中美清潔能源研究中心、可再生能源伙伴關(guān)系、《中美能源安全合作聯(lián)合聲明》和中美能源合作項(xiàng)目啟動(dòng)以來兩國(guó)在清潔能源和能源安全領(lǐng)域合作取得的進(jìn)展。雙方重申繼續(xù)就能源政策進(jìn)行交流，在石油、天然氣（包括頁(yè)巖氣）、民用核能、風(fēng)能和太陽(yáng)能、智能電網(wǎng)、先進(jìn)生物燃料、清潔煤、能效、電動(dòng)汽車及清潔能源技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行合作。

37. Both sides applauded the progress made in clean energy and energy security since the launch of the China-US Clean Energy Research Center, Renewable Energy Partnership, China-US Joint Statement on Energy Security Cooperation, and Energy Cooperation Program (ECP). Both sides reaffirmed their ongoing exchanges on energy policy and cooperation on oil, natural gas (including shale gas), civilian nuclear energy, wind and solar energy, smart grid, advanced bio-fuels, clean coal, energy efficiency, electric vehicles and clean energy technology standards.

　　38. 雙方積極評(píng)價(jià)《中美能源和環(huán)境十年合作框架》自二〇〇八年啟動(dòng)以來取得的進(jìn)展。雙方同意在該框架下進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)務(wù)實(shí)合作，落實(shí)水、大氣、交通、電力、保護(hù)區(qū)和濕地、能效等優(yōu)先領(lǐng)域的行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，開展政策對(duì)話,實(shí)施綠色合作伙伴計(jì)劃。雙方高興地宣布兩個(gè)新的綠色合作伙伴計(jì)劃。雙方歡迎兩國(guó)地方政府、企業(yè)、研究機(jī)構(gòu)參與十年合作框架，共同探索中美能源環(huán)境合作的創(chuàng)新模式。雙方對(duì)根據(jù)十年合作框架將于二〇一一年開展的合作項(xiàng)目和活動(dòng)表示歡迎。

38. The two sides commended the progress made since the launch of the China-US Ten Year Framework on Energy and Environment Cooperation (TYF) in 2008. They agreed to further strengthen practical cooperation under the TYF, carry out action plans in the priority areas of water, air, transportation, electricity, protected areas, wetlands, and energy efficiency, engage in policy dialogues, and implement the EcoPartnerships program. China and the United States were also pleased to announce two new EcoPartnerships. The two sides welcomed local governments, enterprises, and research institutes of the two countries to participate in the TYF, and jointly explore innovative models for China-US energy and environment cooperation. The two sides welcomed the cooperation projects and activities which will be carried out in 2011 under the TYF.

　　39. 雙方對(duì)坎昆協(xié)議表示歡迎，認(rèn)為應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的努力也應(yīng)促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展。雙方同意與其他國(guó)家一道，積極推動(dòng)《聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候變化框架公約》的全面、有效、持續(xù)落實(shí)，包括落實(shí)坎昆協(xié)議，并支持今年的南非會(huì)議達(dá)成積極成果。

39. The two sides welcomed the Cancun Agreements and believed that it is important that efforts to address climate change also advance economic and social development. Working together and with other countries, the two sides agreed to actively promote the comprehensive, effective, and sustained implementation of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, including the implementation of the Cancun agreements and support efforts to achieve positive outcomes at this year's conference in South Africa.

　　擴(kuò)展人文交流

Expanding People-to-People Exchanges

　　40. 中美兩國(guó)一貫支持開展更加廣泛深入的人文交流，這也是雙方建設(shè)相互尊重、互利共贏中美合作伙伴關(guān)系努力的一部分。雙方同意采取切實(shí)步驟加強(qiáng)人文交流。雙方滿意地注意到，二〇一〇年上海世博會(huì)取得成功，中方對(duì)美國(guó)館的成功展示向美方表示祝賀。雙方宣布建立中美省州長(zhǎng)論壇，決定進(jìn)一步支持兩國(guó)地方各級(jí)在一系列領(lǐng)域開展交流合作，包括增強(qiáng)友好省州和友好城市關(guān)系。中美還同意采取切實(shí)措施，特別是通過“十萬人留學(xué)中國(guó)計(jì)劃”，加強(qiáng)兩國(guó)青年之間的對(duì)話與交流。美方熱忱歡迎更多中國(guó)學(xué)生赴美留學(xué)，并將繼續(xù)為他們提供簽證便利。雙方同意討論擴(kuò)大文化交流的途徑，包括探討舉辦中美文化年及其他活動(dòng)。雙方強(qiáng)調(diào)將進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)相互旅游并為此提供便利。雙方認(rèn)為，所有上述活動(dòng)都有助于深化了解、互信與合作。

40. China and the United States have long supported deeper and broader people-to-people ties as part of a larger effort to build a cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit. Both sides agreed to take concrete steps to enhance these people-to-people exchanges. Both sides noted with satisfaction the successful Expo 2010 in Shanghai, and the Chinese side complimented the United States on its USA Pavilion. The two sides announced the launch of a China-US Governors Forum and decided to further support exchanges and cooperation at local levels in a variety of fields, including support for the expansion of the sister province and city relationships. China and the United States also agreed to take concrete steps to strengthen dialogue and exchanges between their young people, particularly through the 100,000 Strong Initiative. The United States warmly welcomes more Chinese students in American educational institutions, and will continue to facilitate visa issuance for them. The two sides agreed to discuss ways of expanding cultural interaction, including exploring a China-US cultural year event and other activities. The two sides underscored their commitment to further promoting and facilitating increased tourism. China and the United States agreed that all these activities help deepen understanding, trust, and cooperation.

　　結(jié)語

Conclusion

　　41. 胡錦濤主席感謝奧巴馬總統(tǒng)和美國(guó)人民在他訪問期間給予的熱情款待。中美兩國(guó)元首認(rèn)為，此訪進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)了兩國(guó)關(guān)系，雙方?jīng)Q心共同努力建設(shè)相互尊重、互利共贏的合作伙伴關(guān)系。兩國(guó)元首均深信，一個(gè)更加強(qiáng)有力的中美關(guān)系不僅符合兩國(guó)人民的根本利益，也有利于整個(gè)亞太地區(qū)乃至全世界。

41. President Hu Jintao expressed his thanks to President Obama and the American people for their warm reception and hospitality during his visit. The two Presidents agreed that the visit has furthered China-US relations, and both sides resolved to work together to build a cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit. The two Presidents shared a deep belief that a stronger China-US relationship not only serves the fundamental interests of their respective peoples, but also benefits the entire Asia-Pacific region and the world.